There’s no shortage of stunning landscapes in Peru. From Colca Canyon to the Sacred Valley to the wild Amazon, these are some of the country’s most jaw-dropping natural highlights — and tips on how and when to visit them.
Peru, a land of remarkable contrasts and breathtaking landscapes, boasts a biodiversity that is truly unparalleled. Within its borders, an astonishing 84 out of the world’s recognized 104 ecosystems find a home. This incredible variety is a direct result of the diverse elevations and climates that define the country, creating a dazzling spectacle of natural beauty that ranges from the lush, wildlife-rich rainforests teeming with life to the majestic, snow-capped mountain peaks that pierce the sky. A journey through Peru is an immersion into a world where nature reigns supreme, offering an unforgettable experience for every traveler. Prepare to be captivated by the sheer scale and splendor of this South American gem.
To ensure you make the most of your Peruvian adventure, here are five exceptional highlights that you absolutely won’t want to miss. These destinations offer unique perspectives on the country’s natural wonders, promising memories that will last a lifetime.
## Spot Condors Flying in Colca Canyon
The magnificent **Colca Canyon**, carved by the powerful **Colca River**, stands as Peru’s third most visited tourist destination, and for very good reason. Its beauty is simply awe-inspiring. Nestled in southern Peru, in close proximity to the vibrant city of **Arequipa**, the Colca Canyon holds the distinction of being one of the deepest canyons on the entire planet. This geological marvel is particularly renowned as the natural habitat of the majestic Andean condor, making it an irresistible destination for avid bird-watchers from around the globe.
To witness the awe-inspiring sight of these famed condors soaring through the air with effortless grace, make your way to the strategically positioned **Cruz del Condor** lookout point. From this privileged vantage point, you’ll have an unparalleled view of the canyon’s depths and the condors as they ride the thermal currents.
Beyond its avian attractions, the Colca Canyon boasts a network of dozens of hiking trails that wind through its dramatic landscape, each offering breathtaking vistas at every turn. After a long and rewarding day of outdoor activity, treat yourself to a relaxing soak in one of the area’s natural hot springs, located in the nearby town of **Chivay**. These geothermal springs provide the perfect opportunity to unwind and rejuvenate amidst the stunning scenery.
To optimize your visit, it’s best to schedule your trip during the dry season, which typically falls between **May and October**. Outside of this window, many of the best hiking trails may become inaccessible due to heavy rainfall. If spotting condors is your top priority, consider planning your visit between **June and September**, when these magnificent birds are most active.
## Encounter Pink River Dolphins in the Amazon Rainforest
An astonishing expanse of more than half of Peru’s territory is blanketed by lush jungle and rainforest. The largest rainforest in the world, the immense **Amazon River Basin**, stretches across the northeastern portion of the country. This vital ecosystem is responsible for producing over 20% of Earth’s oxygen and serves as a sanctuary for an estimated five million species of unique flora and fauna, with countless more still awaiting discovery.
To describe this natural wonder as a must-visit destination would be a gross understatement. However, the sheer scale of the rainforest can make deciding where to begin your exploration a daunting task. If a trip down the legendary **Amazon River** is on your agenda, consider starting your journey in the **Amazon Jungle** region near the bustling city of **Iquitos**. The journey to this remote locale is undoubtedly worth the effort, as you’ll be rewarded with sightings of the enchanting pink river dolphins, the elusive three-toed sloths, and the opportunity to visit indigenous villages that are not easily accessible in other parts of the rainforest. You’ll also have the option of indulging in luxurious accommodations at some of the country’s finest lodges.
For passionate bird-watchers, a trip to the renowned **Manú National Park** is an absolute must. This biosphere reserve is a haven for hundreds of bird species, including vibrantly colored macaws, as well as iconic creatures like jaguars and playful spider monkeys. You can embark on a scenic drive from **Cusco** to reach Manú National Park, and the scenery along the way is simply breathtaking.
Another captivating destination within the Amazon Rainforest is the **Tambopata National Reserve**, a region of unparalleled beauty showcasing a remarkable array of ecosystems. Highlights of Tambopata include an astounding 1300 species of butterflies and the picturesque **Sandoval Lake**, where you can enjoy world-class canoeing adventures.
## Hike Through Sacred Valley Landscapes
Nestled just outside the historic city of Cusco, the **Sacred Valley** unfolds as a verdant and fertile region, characterized by a meandering river that snakes its way through the landscape. This strategically significant area, situated in the heart of the Andean highlands between Cusco and the iconic **Machu Picchu**, once served as the very center of the mighty Incan empire.
The Sacred Valley overflows with natural beauty, offering a myriad of opportunities for exploration and adventure. Whether you’re captivated by the sight of llamas roaming freely across the fields or yearning for an exhilarating paragliding experience over the majestic Andes Mountains, this region has something to offer everyone. As you journey towards Machu Picchu, you’ll also have the chance to explore several fascinating Incan ruins, including the impressive stone terraces at **Ollantaytambo**, **Pisac**, and the intriguing circular terraces of **Moray**.
If you find yourself with a few extra days to spare, consider embarking on a journey to the now-famous **Rainbow Mountain** (also known as **Vinicunca**), located near the Sacred Valley. You can hike or ride horseback to this ultimate photo opportunity as part of a challenging two- or three-day guided trek. For those seeking a more extended adventure, longer treks are also available, such as an immersive eleven-day adventure that combines a visit to Vinicunca with the stunning **Ausangate Mountain** and other captivating highlights. Just be sure to check the weather forecast before you go, as the rainbow hues are at their most vibrant on a sunny day.
A crucial pro tip: Allow yourself ample time to adjust to the high altitude in Cusco before venturing into the Sacred Valley and its surrounding areas. Rainbow Mountain, in particular, sits at an elevation of approximately 14,000 feet above sea level, so acclimatization is essential.
## See Penguins in the Wild on Islas Ballestas
The **Islas Ballestas** (also known as the **Ballestas Islands**), located off the southern coast of Peru, are an essential destination for anyone with a passion for marine life. The islands are accessible only by boat from the port town of **Paracas**, which is situated near the town of **Pisco**, approximately an hour south of the bustling capital city of **Lima**.
Local tour operators offer boat excursions that typically last around two hours. As your boat navigates the waters, you’ll be treated to the sight of dramatic stone arches that are teeming with sea lions and various species of birds. Keep your eyes peeled for the iconic blue-footed booby, playful penguins, and other rare seabirds that call these islands home. If you’re particularly fortunate, friendly sea lions may even swim right up to your boat for a closer look.
On your way to and from the islands, you’ll pass by the enigmatic **Candelabra Geoglyph**, a mysterious prehistoric etching that adorns the **Paracas Peninsula**. Don’t forget to bring your camera to capture these incredible sights, and be sure to apply plenty of sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun’s rays.
## Discover Lakes Around the Cordilleras Blanca and Huayhuash
The majestic Andes mountain range not only offers some of the most exhilarating alpine trekking and cycling opportunities in South America but also boasts some of the most breathtaking natural scenery on the entire continent. The landscapes are awe-inspiring, with soaring peaks, pristine lakes, and unique flora and fauna.
The **Cordillera Huayhuash**, in particular, stands out as a place of unparalleled beauty. Situated in central Peru, this spectacular range within the Andes is characterized by its towering, snow-capped peaks and the stunning emerald lakes that lie nestled at their feet. A variety of tour options are available, catering to different levels of experience and fitness. If you’re up for a challenge, consider embarking on a four- to ten-day trek through the highest tropical mountain range in the world, where you’ll encounter breathtaking lakes and shimmering icefalls along the way. For those with limited time or a preference for shorter excursions, day hikes are also a viable option.
Keep in mind that the best time for hiking in the Cordillera Huayhuash is generally between **May and September**. Even during these months, it’s crucial to be well-prepared for the unpredictable mountain weather. The days can be surprisingly warm, but high up in the Andes, temperatures can plummet below freezing at night, so pack accordingly.
B-2098